That sudden, sharp “zing” you feel in your teeth can be alarming and unpleasant. To make sure it doesn’t get any worse, you should know what’s causing it and what you can do to alleviate it. This article will explore the potential causes of this sensation, medically known as tooth sensitivity, and discuss treatment options.
Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
Tooth sensitivity occurs when the enamel, the hard outer layer of the tooth, is compromised, exposing the dentin underneath. Dentin contains microscopic tubules that connect to the nerves and blood supply in the tooth’s pulp. When these tubules are exposed, various stimuli, such as cold or sweet foods, can trigger pain signals.
Here are some common culprits behind enamel breakdown:
- Aggressive Toothbrushing: Brushing too hard or using an incorrect technique can wear down enamel and cause gum recession, exposing the sensitive root surface.
- Gum Disease: Also known as periodontal disease, this condition involves inflammation and recession of the gums and bone supporting the teeth, often due to plaque and tartar buildup. As the gums recede, the sensitive root surfaces become exposed.
- Teeth Grinding (Bruxism): Clenching or grinding your teeth can create excessive force that wears down the enamel, a process called abfraction. This exposes the dentin and leads to sensitivity.
- Acidic Foods and Drinks: Consuming acidic substances like citrus fruits and sodas can erode tooth enamel, increasing sensitivity.
- Cavities: Cavities, also known as dental caries, gradually destroy enamel, potentially leading to pain and infection if left untreated.
- Fractured Teeth: A cracked or fractured tooth can expose the dentin and cause pain, especially when biting down.
Treating Tooth Sensitivity
Identifying the underlying cause of sensitivity is crucial for effective treatment. While desensitizing toothpaste can temporarily alleviate mild symptoms, it doesn’t address the root cause.
It’s essential to consult a dentist to diagnose the cause of your tooth sensitivity. They can recommend appropriate treatments based on the specific issue. This might involve:
- Addressing gum disease through professional cleaning and improved oral hygiene
- Repairing cavities or fractured teeth with fillings or other restorative procedures
- Recommending a mouthguard to protect teeth from grinding
- Advising dietary modifications to reduce acid exposure
Remember, tooth sensitivity rarely resolves on its own and often worsens without treatment. Early intervention is key to preserving your oral health and enjoying pain-free meals and snacks.